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Not Even Past

José A. Adrián

The Forgotten Spanish-Cuban Contribution to American Independence: Francisco de Saavedra and the Silver of Havana

September 24, 2025

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When British forces surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, few would have imagined that the decisive blow had been financed not from Paris or Philadelphia, but from Havana. Behind this unexpected twist stood Francisco de Saavedra, a Spanish official whose name is absent from most American textbooks but whose actions helped change the course of the […]

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